Climate Change: Understanding the Science

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in global temperatures and weather patterns. While climate has changed throughout Earth's history, current changes are occurring at an unprecedented rate, primarily due to human activities. The burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, causing global temperatures to rise—a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. Evidence of climate change includes rising sea levels, melting ice caps, more frequent extreme weather events, and shifts in wildlife populations and habitats. Scientific consensus, based on decades of research, confirms that human activities are the primary cause. Addressing climate change requires global cooperation. Solutions include transitioning to renewable energy, improving energy efficiency, protecting forests, and developing sustainable agricultural practices. Individual actions also matter, from reducing consumption to supporting climate-friendly policies.