The Himalayas: Roof of the World

The Himalayan mountain range, often called the "Roof of the World," is the highest mountain system on Earth. Stretching across five countries—Nepal, India, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan—it contains the world's tallest peaks, including Mount Everest. Formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates about 50 million years ago, the Himalayas continue to rise by approximately 5mm per year. The range spans about 2,400 kilometers and varies in width from 200 to 400 kilometers. The Himalayas are culturally and spiritually significant to millions of people. They're home to diverse ethnic groups, ancient monasteries, and sacred pilgrimage sites. The mountains have inspired countless explorers, mountaineers, and spiritual seekers. Ecologically, the Himalayas are crucial for Asia's water supply, feeding major rivers like the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra. The range supports unique biodiversity, from snow leopards in the high altitudes to subtropical forests in the foothills.